Why do squirrels dig holes in trees? Good question! Squirrels typically build nests, also known as dreys. In general, squirrels do not create holes, but they sometimes take advantage of abandoned woodpecker holes or other pre-existing cavities. Additionally, squirrels sometimes gnaw on trees, usually where the bark is rotted or a dead branch has fallen from the tree, to get to the sweet sap just beneath the bark. Let’s take a closer look.
Do squirrels damage trees?
Tree squirrel damage is generally limited on healthy trees. However, although rare, removing too much bark around the circumference of a branch can block the movement of sugars and the branch can be damaged.
The bark can also be damaged if fungal infections enter the damaged wood. Broadleaf trees are more vulnerable to squirrel damage. Again, tree damage from squirrels is not common.
Prevent squirrels from making holes in trees
You may be fighting a losing battle when it comes to preventing squirrels from making holes in your trees. It is extremely difficult to remove squirrels and even if you do, more will move into the unoccupied area. However, you can take steps to limit tree squirrel damage.
The most effective way to limit tree damage from squirrels is to properly care for them, as a healthy tree is very resistant to squirrel damage. Water, fertilize and prune properly. Treat insects and diseases as soon as they appear.
Wrap the base of the tree with a sheet of tin to prevent squirrels from climbing the tree. Make sure the top of the tin sheet is at least 1.5m 5ft off the ground. However, note that this method will not work if the tree is within jumping distance of structures or other trees. You will also need to remove all low hanging branches.
You can also wrap the base of young trees with 1-inch (2.5 cm) thick chicken wire to prevent squirrels from digging through the tender bark.
Try spraying trees with squirrel repellent, such as a capsaicin-based product. Reapply the repellent if it rains.
If your squirrel problem is out of control, contact your local fish and wildlife department for advice.